What refers to the breakdown of chemicals that do not involve living organisms?

The term that refers to the breakdown of chemicals without the involvement of living organisms is known as chemical degradation. This process can involve various mechanisms, including the influence of factors such as heat, light, or chemical reactions, resulting in the alteration or decomposition of substances purely through chemical means.

In contrast, biochemical degradation involves biological processes, specifically the action of living organisms, such as bacteria or fungi, in breaking down compounds. Photochemical degradation focuses on the breakdown of chemicals through the action of light, particularly ultraviolet light. Microbial degradation, similarly, relies on microorganisms to decompose substances, emphasizing the role that living organisms play.

Understanding the distinction between these terms is crucial, especially in the context of pesticide management and environmental impact, as it helps in selecting appropriate methods for handling chemicals.